Medicine

Medical practice, clinical insights, and healthcare perspectives from a cardiac surgeon. Articles exploring medical literature, clinical guidelines, and reflections on medicine and patient care.

Orientation in Dicom

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A lone early-20th-century traveler stands on a rocky ridge, holding a compass toward the light while surveying a vast golden mountain valley crossed by winding paths, in a warm, antique painterly style.

Understanding DICOM Coordinate Systems and Image Orientation: Why Your 3D Volume Looks Upside Down 1. Introduction — Why Orientation Matters Have you ever opened a medical image and found the anatomy upside down or mirrored? It’s not your viewer’s fault — it’s about geometry. DICOM files contain not only pixels, but also the mathematical information … Read more

Percutaneous Interventions Expand: Key Insights from 2025 ESC/EACTS Guidelines

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In an early-20th-century hospital room, two masked surgeons confer with a formally dressed man beside a reclining patient, surrounded by anatomical sketches, scientific diagrams, glass infusion bottles, and antique medical instruments.

Introduction The 2025 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on Valvular Heart Disease represent a pivotal shift in the balance between surgical and percutaneous interventions. While surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) remains the gold standard for younger, low-risk patients, the new guidelines expand the role of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER, MitraClip). This evolution … Read more