Dante’s Inferno as a Clinical Gaze

Historical medical illustration showing a medieval physician examining patients in a hospital ward, with a large mural of Dante’s Inferno behind him, connecting disease, clinical observation, and medieval visions of suffering.

SummaryDante Alighieri’s Inferno is a theological poem, yes, but it is also, almost incidentally, a forensic catalogue of medieval disease and healthcare. This article reads the poem through the lens of medical history: how Dante represents specific pathologies (dropsy, scabies and possibly leprosy, neurological deformity, hypothermia, traumatic mutism), how he mimics diagnostic observation, and how … Read more

From Hippocrates to Artificial Intelligence

a solemn council / meeting of physicians, gathered around a large wooden table, each doctor representing a different era of medical “seeing”.

I am a cardiac surgeon. My work is rooted in the operating room, in clinical decisions, and in the care of individual patients. At the same time, I have become deeply interested in medical data, statistics, coding, and artificial intelligence. My fascination with the history of medicine, however, has remained just as strong. At first … Read more

Natural Language Processing for Medical Report Analysis – Part 3

A doctor reads a discharge letter to a patient.

Machine Learning and Large Language Models for Clinical Text Analysis Article authored by Michele D. Pierri, MD Cardiac Surgeon & Medical Technology Researcher Last updated: May 2025 Reading time: 30 minutes Abstract The first two articles in this series traced a progression from rule-based pattern matching (regular expressions) to linguistic analysis (spaCy/scispaCy) for extracting structured … Read more

Natural Language Processing for Medical Report Analysis – Part 2

A doctor translates text

Introduction to Natural Language Processing for Medical Report Analysis: Advanced Linguistic Analysis with spaCy and scispaCy for Medical Reports Article authored by Michele D. Pierri, MD Cardiac Surgeon & Medical Technology Researcher Last updated: May 2025 Reading time: 30 minutes Abstract Regular expressions give us a solid foundation for pulling structured data out of clinical … Read more

Natural Language Processing for Medical Report Analysis – Part 1

Painterly rural scene at sunset, where a solitary man studies an immense handwritten scroll by candlelight beside a thatched farmhouse, surrounded by hay bales, a wooden desk, an antique typewriter, barrels, and farming tools.

Introduction to Natural Language Processing for Medical Report Analysis: Pattern Matching with Regular Expressions Article authored by Michele D. Pierri, MD Cardiac Surgeon & Medical Technology Researcher Last updated: January 2025 Reading time: 25 minutes Abstract Medical discharge summaries contain critical clinical information that remains largely inaccessible to automated analysis due to their unstructured nature. … Read more

From Smartwatch to ICU: 5 Breakthroughs Revolutionizing Hospital Monitoring

Early 20th-century doctor standing beside a bedridden patient in a dim hospital ward, while an ornate medical machine emits glowing concentric waves across the room in a warm, painterly historical style.

How wearable devices and artificial intelligence are dismantling the wire-bound paradigm of intensive care—one sensor at a time. By Michele D. Pierri, MD, PhD In This Article Introduction: The Modern Monitoring Paradox A substantial share of adults now wear a device capable of tracking heart rate (HR), blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), and sleep architecture. Yet … Read more